Click to return to keywordsAdolescent/High School

Arellano, C. M., Kuhn, J. A., & Chavez, E. L. (1997)  Psychosocial correlates of sexual assault among Mexican American and White non-Hispanic adolescent females. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 19(4), 446-460.

Avery-Leaf, S., Cascardi, M., O’Leary, K. D., & Cano, A. (1997). Efficacy of a dating violence prevention program on attitudes justifying aggression. Journal of Adolescent Health, 21, 11-17

Bergman, L., (1992) Dating violence among high school students. Social Work, 37, 21-27.

Berkowitz, A.D. (in press). Fostering Men's Responsibility for Preventing Sexual Assault. In: Paul A. Schewe, (Ed), Preventing Intimate Partner Violence: Developmentally Appropriate Interventions Across the Lifespan. Washington D.C: American Psychological Association. (for further information Dr Alan Berkowitz can be reached at alan@fltg.net)

Darves-Bornoz, J. M., Choquet, M., Ledoux, S., Gasquet, I., & Manfredi, R. (1998) Gender differences in symptoms of adolescents reporting sexual assault. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 33(3), 111-117.

Felty, K. M., Ainslie, J. J., & Geib, A. (1991). Sexual coercion attitudes among high school students: The influence of gender and rape education. Youth and Society, 23(2), 229-250.

Foulis, D., & McCabe, M. P. (1997) Sexual harassment: Factors affecting attitudes and perceptions. Sex Roles, 37(9-10), 773-798.

Gray, H.M., Foshee, V., (1997) Adolescent dating violence: differences between one-sided and mutually violent profiles. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12(1), 126-141.

Hilton, N. Z., Harris, Grant T., & Rice, M. E. (1998). On the validity of self-reported rates of interpersonal violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(1), 58-72.

Hilton, N. Z., Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., Krans, T. S., & Lavigne, S. E. (1998). Antiviolence education in high schools: Implementation and evaluation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(6), 726-742.

Himelein, M.J., Vogel, R.E., Wachowiak, D.G., (1994) Nonconsensual sexual experiences in pre-college women: Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Counseling & Development, 72, 411-415.

Isely, P. J., Busse, W., & Isely, P. (1998) Sexual assault of males in late adolescence: A hidden phenomenon. Professional School Counseling, 2(2), 153-160.

Kilpatrick, D. G., Acierno, R., Saunders, B., Resnick, H. S., Best, C. L., & Schnurr, P. P. (2000). Risk factors for adolescent substance abuse and dependence: Data from a national sample. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 19-30.

Kim, K., Smith P. K., Palermiti, A.-L. (1997) Conflict in Childhood and Reproductive Development, Evolution and Human Behavior, 18, 109-142.

Kuhn, J. A., Arellano, C. M., Chavez, E. L. (1998) Correlates of sexual assault in Mexican American and White non-Hispanic adolescent males. Violence & Victims, 13(1), 11-20.

Linz, D., Wilson, B. J., Donnerstein, E. (1992)Sexual Violence in the Mass Media: Legal Solutions, Warnings, and Mitigation Through Education. Journal of Social Issues, 48.

Molidor, C., Tolman, R.M., (1998) Gender and Contextual Factors in Adolescent Dating Violence. Violence Against Women, 4, 180-194.

O'Keefe, M., Treister, L., (1998) Victims of dating violence among high school students: Are the predictors different for males and females? Violence Against Women, 4, 195-223.

Parrot, A. (1989) Acquaintance Rape Among Adolescents: Identifying risk groups and intervention strategies. Journal of Social Work and Human Sexuality, 8, 47-60.

Schwartz, M., O'Leary, S. G., & Kendziora, K. T. (1997). Dating aggression among high school students. Violence and Victims, 12(4), 294-305.

Smith, P., & Welchans, S. (2000). Peer Education: Does Focusing on Male Responsibility Change Sexual Assault Attitudes? Violence Against Women, 6(11), 1255-1268.

Vicary, J.R., Klingaman, L.R., Harkness, W.L., (1995) Risk factors associated with date rape and sexual assault of adolescent girls. Journal of Adolescence, 18, 289-306.

Webster, R. E. (2001). Symptoms and long-term outcomes for children who have been sexually assaulted. Psychology in the Schools, 38(6), 533-547.

Click to return to keywordsAlcohol

Abbey, A., (1991) Acquaintance rape and alcohol consumption on college campuses: How are they linked? Journal of American College Health, 39, 165-169.

Abbey, A., Harnish, R.J., (1995) Perception of sexual intent: The role of gender, alcohol consumption, and rape supportive attitudes. Sex Roles, 32, 297-313.

Abbey, A., McAuslan, P., Ross, L.T., & Zawacki, T. (1999). Alcohol expectancies regarding sex, aggression, and sexual vulnerability: Reliability and validity assessment. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 13(3). 174-182.

Benson, D., Charlton, C., & Goodhart, F. (1992). Acquaintance rape on campus: A literature review. College Health, 40, 157-165.

Berkowitz, A.D. (in press). Applications of social norms theory to other health and social justice. In: H. Wesley Perkins, Ed. The Social Norms Approach to Prevention, (for further information Dr Alan Berkowitz can be reached at alan@fltg.net)

Borsari, B. E., & Carey, K. B. (1999). Understanding fraternity drinking: Five recurring themes in the literature, 1980-1998. J A College Health, 48, 30-37.

Brener, N. D., McMahon, P. M., Warren, C. W., & Douglas, K. A. (1999). Forced sexual intercourse and associated health risk behaviors among female college students in the United States. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67, 252-259.

Douglas, K. A., Collins, J. L., Warren, C., Kann, L., Gold, R., Clayton, S, Ross, J. G., & Kolbe, L. J. (1997). Results from the 1995 National College Health Risk Behavior Survey. College Health, Vol. 46 (September), 55-66.

Frintner, M.P., Rubinson, L., (1993) Acquaintance rape: The influence of alcohol, fraternity membership, and sports team membership. Journal of Sex Education & Therapy, 19, 272-284.

Graham, K., Leonard, K. E., Room, R., Wild, T. C., Pihl, R. O., Bois, C., & Single, E. (1998). Current directions in research on understanding and preventing intoxicated aggression. Addiction, 93(5), 659-676.

Kilpatrick, D. G., Acierno, R., Resnick, H. S., Saunders, B. E., & Best, C. L. (1997) A 2-year longitudinal analysis of the relationships between violent assault and substance use in women. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 65(5), 834-847.

Kilpatrick, D. G., Acierno, R., Saunders, B., Resnick, H. S., Best, C. L., & Schnurr, P. P. (2000). Risk factors for adolescent substance abuse and dependence: Data from a national sample. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 19-30.

Koss, M. P., Gaines, J.A (1993) The prediction of sexual aggression by alcohol use, athletic participation, and fraternity affiliation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 8(1), 94-108.

Muehlenhard, C.L., Linton, M.A., (1987) Date rape and sexual aggression in dating situations: Incidence and risk factors. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34, 186-196.

Norris J., Nurius P. S., & Graham T. L. (1999). When a Date Changes From Fun to Dangerous: Factors Affecting Women's Ability to Distinguish. Violence Against Women, 5(3), 230-250.

Parks, K. A., & Miller, B. A. (1997). Bar victimization of women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(4), 509-525.

Pope, E.; Shouldice, M. (2001). Drugs and sexual assault: A review. Trauma Violence & Abuse, 2(1), 51-55.

Ruback, R. B., Menard, K. S., Outlaw, M. C., & Shaffer, J. N. (1999). Normative advice to campus crime victims: Effects of gender, age, and alcohol. Violence and Victims, 14(4), 381-396.

Schwartz, M. D., & Leggett, M. S. (1999). Bad Dates or Emotional Trauma? The Aftermath of Campus Sexual Assault. Violence Against Women, 5(3), 251-271.

Stormo, K.J., Lang, A.R., Stritzke, W.G., (1997) Attributions about acquaintance rape: The role of alcohol and individual differences. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27, 279-305.

Testa, M., & Dermen, K. H. (1999). The differential correlates of sexual coercion and rape. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 14(5), 548-561.

Ullman, S. E. (1997). Review and critique of empirical studies of rape avoidance. Criminal Justice & Behavior, 24(2), 177-204.

Ullman, S.E., Karabatsos, G., & Koss, M. P. (1999). Alcohol and sexual aggression in a national sample of college men. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 23(4),673-689.

Wechsler, H., Dowdall, G., Maenner, G., Gledhill-Hoyt, J., & Lee, H. (1998). Changes in binge drinking and related problems among American college students between 1993 and 1997. Results of the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study. College Health, 47, 57-68.


Click to return to keywordsAthletes/Fraternities

Boeringer, S. B. (1999). Associations of rape-supportive attitudes with fraternal and athletic participation. Violence Against Women, 5(1), 81-90.

Borsari, B. E., & Carey, K. B. (1999). Understanding fraternity drinking: Five recurring themes in the literature, 1980-1998. J A College Health, 48, 30-37.

Boswell, Ayres A. & Spade, J. Z. (1996) Fraternities and collegiate rape culture: Why are some fraternities more dangerous places for women? Gender & Society, 10, 133-147.

Foubert, J.D. (2000). The longitudinal effects of a rape-prevention program on fraternity men's attitudes, behavioral intent, and behavior.  Journal of American College Health, 48, 158-163.

Foubert, J.D. & Marriott, K.A. (1997). Effects of a sexual assault peer education program on men's belief in rape myths.  Sex Roles, 36(3/4), 259-268.

Foubert, J. D., & McEwen, M. K. (1998). An all-male rape prevention peer education program: Decreasing fraternity men's behavioral intent to rape. Journal of College Student Development, 39(6), 548-556.

Frazier, P., Valtinson, G., Candell, S., (1994) Evaluation of a coeducational interactive rape prevention program. Journal of Counseling & Development, 73, 153-158.

Frintner, M.P., Rubinson, L., (1993) Acquaintance rape: The influence of alcohol, fraternity membership, and sports team membership. Journal of Sex Education & Therapy, 19, 272-284.

Koss, M. P., Gaines, J.A (1993) The prediction of sexual aggression by alcohol use, athletic participation, and fraternity affiliation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 8(1), 94-108.

Lenihan, G.O., & Rawlins, M. E. (1994). Rape supportive attitudes among Greek students before and after a date rape prevention program. Journal of College Student Development, 35(6), 450-455.

Lottes, I. L., & Kuriloff, P. J. (1994). Sexual socialization differences by gender, Greek membership, ethnicity, and religious background. Psychology of Women Quarterly 18(2), 203-219.

Parrot, A., Cummings, N., Marchell, T.C., Hofher, J., (1994) A rape awareness and prevention model for male athletes. Journal of American College Health, 42, 179-184.


Click to return to keywordsAvoidance/Resistance

Easton, A.N., Summers, J., Tribble, J., Wallace, P., Lock, R. (1997) College Women's Perceptions Regarding Resistance to Sexual Assault. Journal of American College Health, 46, 127-131.

Furby, L., Fischhoff, B., Morgan, M., (1992) Preventing rape: How people perceive the options of defending oneself during an assault. In Emilio Viano, et al. (Ed) Critical issues in victimology. (pp. 174-189) New York, NY. Springer Publishing Co.

Krulewitz, J.E., Kahn, A.S. (1983) Preferences for rape reduction strategies. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 7, 301-312.

Norris J., Nurius P. S., & Graham T. L. (1999). When a Date Changes From Fun to Dangerous: Factors Affecting Women's Ability to Distinguish. Violence Against Women, 5(3), 230-250.

Nurius, P. S. (2000). Risk perception for acquaintance sexual aggression: A social-cognitive perspective. Aggression & Violent Behavior, 5(1), 63-78.

Ullman, S. E. (1997). Review and critique of empirical studies of rape avoidance. Criminal Justice & Behavior, 24(2), 177-204.

Ullman, S.E. (1998) Does Offender Violence Escalate When Women Fight Back? Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13, 179-192.

Ullman, S. E., & Knight, R. A. (1991). A multivariate model for predicting rape and physical injury outcomes during sexual assaults. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 59(5), 724-731.

Ullman, S.E., Knight, R.A. (1992) Fighting Back: Women's resistance to rape. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 7, 31-43.

Ullman, S.E., Knight, R.A. (1993) The efficacy of women's resistance strategies in rape situations. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 17, 23-38.

Zoucha-Jensen, J. M., & Coyne, A. (1993). The effects of resistance strategies on rape. American Journal of Public Health, 83(11), 1633-1634.


Click to return to keywordsCollege

Abbey, A., (1991) Acquaintance rape and alcohol consumption on college campuses: How are they linked? Journal of American College Health, 39, 165-169.

Abbey, A., Harnish, R.J., (1995) Perception of sexual intent: The role of gender, alcohol consumption, and rape supportive attitudes. Sex Roles, 32, 297-313.

Abbey, A., McAuslan, P., Ross, L.T., & Zawacki, T. (1999). Alcohol expectancies regarding sex, aggression, and sexual vulnerability: Reliability and validity assessment. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 13(3). 174-182.

Arata, C. M., & Burkhart, B. R. (1998). Coping appraisals and adjustment to nonstranger sexual assault. Violence Against Women, 4(2), 224-239.

Belknap, J., Fisher, B. S., & Cullen, F. T. (1999). The Development of a Comprehensive Measure of the Sexual Victimization of College Women. Violence Against Women, 5(2), 185-214.

Benson, D., Charlton, C., & Goodhart, F. (1992). Acquaintance rape on campus: A literature review. College Health, 40, 157-165.

Berg, D. R., & Lonsway, K. A., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (1999). Rape prevention education for men: The effectiveness of empathy-induction techniques. Journal of College Student Development, 40(3), 219-234.

Berkowitz, A., (1992) College men as perpetrators of acquaintance rape and sexual assault: A review of recent research. Journal of American College Health, 40, 175-181.

Berkowitz, A.D. (in press). Fostering Men's Responsibility for Preventing Sexual Assault. In: Paul A. Schewe, (Ed), Preventing Intimate Partner Violence: Developmentally Appropriate Interventions Across the Lifespan. Washington D.C: American Psychological Association. (for further information Dr Alan Berkowitz can be reached at alan@fltg.net)

Boeringer, S. B. (1999). Associations of rape-supportive attitudes with fraternal and athletic participation. Violence Against Women, 5(1), 81-90.

Bondurant, B., (2001). University Women's Acknowledgment of Rape: Individual, Situational, and Social Factors. Violence Against Women, 7(3), 294-314.

Borsari, B. E., & Carey, K. B. (1999). Understanding fraternity drinking: Five recurring themes in the literature, 1980-1998. J A College Health, 48, 30-37.

Burian, B. K., Yanico, B.J., & Martinez, C. R. (1998) Group gender composition effects on judgments of sexual harassment. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22(3), 465-480.

Cortina, L. M., Swan, S. Fitzgerald, L. F., & Waldo, C. (1998)  Sexual harassment and assault: Chilling the climate for women in academia. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22(3), 419-441.

DeKeseredy, W.S., Schwartz, M.D., & Alvi, S. (2000). The Role of Profeminist Men in Dealing With Woman Abuse on the Canadian College Campus. Violence Against Women, 6(9), 918-935.

Douglas, K. A., Collins, J. L., Warren, C., Kann, L., Gold, R., Clayton, S, Ross, J. G., & Kolbe, L. J. (1997). Results from the 1995 National College Health Risk Behavior Survey. College Health, Vol. 46 (September), 55-66.

Earle, J.P. (1996). Acquaintance rape workshops: Their effectiveness in changing the attitudes of first year college men. National Association of Student Personnel Administrators, 34(1), 2-18.

Fisher, B. S., Sloan, J. J., Cullen, F. T., & Lu, C. (1998). Crime in the ivory tower: The level and sources of student victimization. Criminology, 36(3), 671-710.

Follingstad, D.R., Bradley, R. G., Laughlin, J. E., & Burke, L. (1999). Risk factors and correlates of dating violence: The relevance of examining frequency and severity levels in a college sample. Violence & Victims, 14(4), 365-380.

Fonow, M., Richardson, L., & Wemmerus, V. A. (1992). Feminist rape education: Does it work? Gender & Society, 6(1), 108-121.

Foubert, J.D. (2000). The longitudinal effects of a rape-prevention program on fraternity men's attitudes, behavioral intent, and behavior.  Journal of American College Health, 48, 158-163.

Foubert, J.D. & Marriott, K.A. (1997). Effects of a sexual assault peer education program on men's belief in rape myths.  Sex Roles, 36(3/4), 259-268.

Foulis, D., & McCabe, M. P. (1997)Sexual harassment: Factors affecting attitudes and perceptions.  Sex Roles, 37(9-10), 773-798.

Gray, N. B., Palileo, G. J., & Johnson, G. D. (1993). Explaining rape victim blame: A test of attribution theory. Sociological Spectrum, 13, 377-392.

Hanley, M. J., & O'Neill, P. (1997). Violence and commitment: A study of dating couples. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 12(5), 685-703.

Hickman, S. E., & Muehlenhard, C. L.(1997). College women's fears and precautionary behaviors relating to acquaintance rape and stranger rape. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(4), 527-547.

Himelein, M. J. (1999). Acquaintance rape prevention with high-risk women: Identification and inoculation. Journal of College Student Development, 40(1), 93-96.

Holcomb, D. R., Sondag, K. A., & Holcomb, L. C. H. (1993). Healthy dating: A mixed-gender date rape workshop. College Health, 41, 155-157.

Koss, M.P., Cleveland, Hobart H. (1997) Stepping on toes: Social roots of date rape lead to intractability and politicization. In Martin D. Schwartz (ED.), Researching sexual violence against women: Methodological and personal perspectives (pp. 4-21) Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.

Koss, M. P., & Dinero, T. E. (1989). Discriminant analysis of risk factors for sexual victimization among a national sample of college women. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 57(2), 242-250.

Koss, M. P., Gidycz, C. A., & Wisniewski, N. (1987). The scope of rape: Incidence and prevalence of sexual aggression and victimization in a national sample of higher education students. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 55(2), 162-170.

Lanier, C. A. & Elliot, M. N. (1997). A new instrument for the evaluation of a date rape prevention program. Journal of College Student Development, 38(6), 673-676.

McCaughey, M. & King, N. (1995). Rape education videos: Presenting mean women instead of dangerous men. Teaching Sociology, 23, 374-388.

Muehlenhard, C. L., Friedman, D. E., Thomas, C.M. (1985) Is date rape justifiable? The effects of dating activity, who initiated, who paid, and men's attitudes toward women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 9(3), 297-309.

Mustaine, E.E., & Tewksbury, R. (1999). A Routine Activity Theory Explanation for Women's Stalking Victimizations Violence Against Women, 5, 43-62.

O'Sullivan, L. F., Byers, E. S., & Finkelman, L. (1998). A comparison of male and female college students' experiences of sexual coercion. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22, 177-195.

Parrot, A., Cummings, N., Marchell, T.C., Hofher, J., (1994) A rape awareness and prevention model for male athletes. Journal of American College Health, 42, 179-184.

Pinzone-Glover, H. A., Gidycz, C. A., & Jacobs, C.(1998). An acquaintance rape prevention program: Effects on attitudes toward women, rape-related attitudes, and perceptions of rape scenarios. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22(4), 605-621.

Potter, R.H., Krider, J. E., & McMahon P. M. (2000). Examining Elements of Campus Sexual Violence Policies: Is Deterrence or Health Promotion Favored? Violence Against Women, 6(12), 1345-1362.

Rosenthal, E.H., Heesacker, M., & Neimeyer, G. J. (1995). Changing the rape-supportive attitudes of traditional and nontraditional male and female college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42(2), 171-177.

Schwartz, M. D., & Leggett, M. S. (1999). Bad Dates or Emotional Trauma? The Aftermath of Campus Sexual Assault. Violence Against Women, 5(3), 251-271.

Schewe, P.A., O'Donohue, W., (1996) Rape prevention with high-risk males: Short-term outcome of two interventions. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 25, 455-471.

Shelton, J. N., & Chavous, T. M. (1999) Black and White college women's perceptions of sexual harassment. Sex Roles, 40(7-8), 593-615.

Shultz, S. K., Scherman, A., and Marshall, L. J. (2000). Evaluation of university-based date rape prevention program: Effect on attitudes and behavior related to rape. Journal of College Student Development, 41(2), 193-201.

Stormo, K.J., Lang, A.R., Stritzke, W.G., (1997) Attributions about acquaintance rape: The role of alcohol and individual differences. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27, 279-305.

Wechsler, H., Dowdall, G., Maenner, G., Gledhill-Hoyt, J., & Lee, H. (1998). Changes in binge drinking and related problems among American college students between 1993 and 1997. Results of the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study. College Health, 47, 57-68.

Yeater, E. A. & O'Donohue, W. (1999). Sexual assault prevention programs: Current issues, future directions, and the potential efficacy of interventions with women. Clinical Psychology Review 19(7), 739-771.

Yescavage, K. (1999). Teaching Women a Lesson: Sexually Aggressive and Sexually Nonaggressive Men's Perceptions of Acquaintance and Date Rape. Violence Against Women, 5(7), 796-812.


Click to return to keywords Community Attitudes & Responses

Cook, T.J., Schmid, T.L., Braddy, BA, & Orenstein, D., (1992) Evaluating community-based program impacts. Journal of Health Education, 23, 183-186.

Heise, L., Ellsberg, M., & Gottemoeller, M. (1999). Ending violence against women. Population Reports, Series L, Number 11, 1-43.

Hills, A. M., & Taplin, J. L. (1998)  Anticipated responses to stalking: Effect of threat and target-stalker relationship. Psychiatry, Psychology & Law, 5(1) 139-146.

Koss, M.P. (2000). Blame, shame, and community: Justice responses to violence against women. American Psychologist 55(11), 1332-1343.

Koss, M.P., Harvey, M.R., (1991) The rape victim: Clinical and community interventions (2nd ed.) Sage Publications, Inc; Newbury Park, CA.
Chapter 3: Rape as a Community Issue.
Chapter 7: Preventing Sexual Assault

Linz, D., Wilson, B. J., Donnerstein, E. (1992) Sexual Violence in the Mass Media: Legal Solutions, Warnings, and Mitigation Through Education. Journal of Social Issues, 48.

McKenzie, K.; Matheson, E.; McKaskie, K.; Patrick, S.; Paxton, D.; Michie, A.; Murray, G. C. (2001). Health and social care staff responses to working with people with a learning disability who display sexual offending type behaviors. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 7(1), 56-66.

Rozee, P. D. (1993) Forbidden or Forgiven? Rape in a cross-cultural perspective. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 17.

Schissel, B. (2000). Boys against girls: The structural and interpersonal dimensions of violent patriarchal culture in the lives of young men. Violence Against Women, 6(9), 960-986.

Underwood, M.M., Fiedler, N., (1983) The crisis of rape: A community response. Community Mental Health Journal, 19, 227-230.


Click to return to keywordsCurriculum

Anderson, L., Stoelb, M.P., Duggan, P., Hieger, B., Kling, K. H., Payne, J.P. (1998) The effectiveness of two types of rape prevention programs in changing the rape-supportive attitudes of college students. Journal of College Student Development, 39, 131-142.

Anderson, N.L.R., Uman, G.C., Keenan, C.K., Koniak-Griffin, D., et al., (1996)The process of instrument development for ethnically diverse early adolescents. Journal of Early Adolescence,16, 427-450.

Avery-Leaf, S., Cascardi, M., O’Leary, K. D., & Cano, A. (1997). Efficacy of a dating violence prevention program on attitudes justifying aggression. Journal of Adolescent Health, 21, 11-17.

Berkowitz, A.D. (in press). Fostering Men's Responsibility for Preventing Sexual Assault. In: Paul A. Schewe, (Ed), Preventing Intimate Partner Violence: Developmentally Appropriate Interventions Across the Lifespan. Washington D.C: American Psychological Association. (for further information Dr Alan Berkowitz can be reached at alan@fltg.net)

Earle, J.P. (1996). Acquaintance rape workshops: Their effectiveness in changing the attitudes of first year college men. National Association of Student Personnel Administrators, 34(1), 2-18.

Felty, K. M., Ainslie, J. J., & Geib, A. (1991). Sexual coercion attitudes among high school students: The influence of gender and rape education. Youth and Society, 23(2), 229-250.

Finkelhor, D., Asdigian, N., & Dziuba-Leatherman, J. (1994). The effectiveness of victimization prevention instruction: An evaluation of children’s responses to actual threats and assaults. Child Abuse & Neglect, 19, 141-153.

Fonow, M., Richardson, L., & Wemmerus, V. A. (1992). Feminist rape education: Does it work? Gender & Society, 6(1), 108-121.

Foshee, V., Bauman, K.E., Arriaga, X.B., Helms R.W., Koch, G.G., Linder, G.F., (1998) An evaluation of safe dates, an adolescent dating violence prevention program. American Journal of Public Health, 88, 45-50.

Foubert, J.D. & Marriott, K.A. (1997). Effects of a sexual assault peer education program on men's belief in rape myths.  Sex Roles, 36(3/4), 259-268.

Foubert, J.D. (2000). The longitudinal effects of a rape-prevention program on fraternity men's attitudes, behavioral intent, and behavior.  Journal of American College Health, 48, 158-163.

Gray, M.D., Lesser, D., Quinn, E., Bounds, C. (1990) The effectiveness of personalizing acquaintance rape prevention: Programs on perception of vulnerability and on reducing risk-taking behavior. Journal of College Student Development, 31, 217-220.

Hilton, N. Z., Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., Krans, T. S., & Lavigne, S. E. (1998). Antiviolence education in high schools: Implementation and evaluation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(6), 726-742.

Holcomb, D. R., Sondag, K. A., & Holcomb, L. C. H. (1993). Healthy dating: A mixed-gender date rape workshop. College Health, 41, 155-157.

Kershner, R., (1996) Adolescent attitudes about rape. Adolescence, 31, 29-33.

Lonsway, K.A. (1996) Preventing acquaintance rape through education: What do we know? Psychology of Women Quarterly, 20, 229-265.

Lonsway, K.A., Klaw, E.L., Berg, D.R., Waldo, C.R., Kothari, C., (1998) Beyond No Means No. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13 (1), 73-92.

McCaughey, M. & King, N. (1995). Rape education videos: Presenting mean women instead of dangerous men. Teaching Sociology, 23, 374-388.

Parrot, A., Cummings, N., Marchell, T.C., Hofher, J., (1994) A rape awareness and prevention model for male athletes. Journal of American College Health, 42, 179-184.


Click to return to keywordsDisclosure

Bondurant, B. (2001). University Women's Acknowledgment of Rape: Individual, Situational, and Social Factors. Violence Against Women, 7(3), 294-314.

DeKeseredy, W. S. (2000). Current controversies on defining nonlethal violence against women in intimate heterosexual relationships: Empirical implications. Violence Against Women 6(7), 728-746.

Hilton, N. Z., Harris, Grant T., & Rice, M. E. (1998). On the validity of self-reported rates of interpersonal violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(1), 58-72.

Ruback, R. B., Menard, K. S., Outlaw, M. C., & Shaffer, J. N. (1999). Normative advice to campus crime victims: Effects of gender, age, and alcohol. Violence and Victims, 14(4), 381-396.

Smith, D. W., Letourneau, E. J., Saunders, B.E., Kilpatrick, D.G., Resnick, H.S., & Best, C. L. (2000). Delay in disclosure of childhood rape: Results from a national survey. Child Abuse & Neglect 24(2), 273-287.

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Abrams, K. M., & Robinson, G. E. (1998). Stalking: Part I: An overview of the problem. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 43(5), 473-476.

Abrams, K. M., & Robinson, G. E. (1998). Stalking: Part II: Victims' problems with the legal system and therapeutic considerations. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 43(5), 477-481.

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King, M., & Woollett, E. (1997). Sexually assaulted males: 115 men consulting a counseling service. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 26(6), 579-588.

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Anderson, L., Stoelb, M.P., Duggan, P., Hieger, B., Kling, K. H., Payne, J.P. (1998) The effectiveness of two types of rape prevention programs in changing the rape-supportive attitudes of college students. Journal of College Student Development, 39, 131-142.

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Berg, D. R., & Lonsway, K. A., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (1999). Rape prevention education for men: The effectiveness of empathy-induction techniques. Journal of College Student Development, 40(3), 219-234.

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Belknap, J., Fisher, B. S., & Cullen, F. T. (1999). The Development of a Comprehensive Measure of the Sexual Victimization of College Women. Violence Against Women, 5(2), 185-214.

Burian, B. K., Yanico, B.J., &Martinez, C. R. (1998).Group gender composition effects on judgments of sexual harassment. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22(3), 465-480.

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Donovan, M. A., & Drasgow, F. (1999). Do men's and women's experiences of sexual harassment differ? An examination of the differential test functioning of the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire. Military Psychology, 11(3), 265-282.

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Magley, V. J., Waldo, C.R., Drasgow, F., & Fitzgerald, L. F (1999). The impact of sexual harassment on military personnel: Is it the same for men and women? Military Psychology, 11(3), 283-302.

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Click to return to keywordsLegal Responses

Konradi, A., & Burger, T. (2000). Having the last word: An examination of Rape Survivor's participation in sentencing. Violence Against Women, 6, 351-395.

Koss, M.P. (2000). Blame, shame, and community: Justice responses to violence against women. American Psychologist 55(11), 1332-1343.

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Donovan, M. A., & Drasgow, F. (1999). Do men's and women's experiences of sexual harassment differ? An examination of the differential test functioning of the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire. Military Psychology, 11(3), 265-282.

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Lanier, C. A. & Elliot, M. N. (1997). A new instrument for the evaluation of a date rape prevention program. Journal of College Student Development, 38(6), 673-676.

Lira, L. R., Koss, M. P., & Russo, N. F. (1999). Mexican American women's definitions of rape and sexual abuse. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 21(3), 236-265.

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Magley, V. J., Waldo, C.R., Drasgow, F., & Fitzgerald, L. F (1999). The impact of sexual harassment on military personnel: Is it the same for men and women? Military Psychology, 11(3), 283-302.

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Coxell, A. W., & King, M. B. (1996). Male victims of rape and sexual abuse. Sexual & Marital Therapy, 11(3) 297-308.

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Abbey, A., Harnish, R. J. (1995). Perception of sexual intent: The role of gender alcohol consumption, and rape supportive attitudes. Sex Roles, 32(5-6), 297-313.

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Click to return to keywordsPerpetration

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Dean, K.E., Malamuth, N.M. (1997). Characteristics of men who aggress sexually and of men who imagine aggressing: Risk and moderating variables. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 72(2), 449-455.

Follingstad, D.R., Bradley, R. G., Laughlin, J. E., & Burke, L. (1999). Risk factors and correlates of dating violence: The relevance of examining frequency and severity levels in a college sample. Violence & Victims, 14(4), 365-380.

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Click to return to keywordsPrevalence

Bachman, R. (2000). A Comparison of Annual Incidence Rates and Contextual Characteristics of Intimate-Perpetrated Violence Against Women From the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and the National Violence Against Women Survey (NVAWS). Violence Against Women, 6(8), 839-867.

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Koss, M. P., (1996) The measurement of rape victimization in crime surveys. Criminal Justice & Behavior, 23(1), 55-69

Koss, M. P., Gidycz, C. A., & Wisniewski, N. (1987). The scope of rape: Incidence and prevalence of sexual aggression and victimization in a national sample of higher education students. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 55(2), 162-170.

Koss, M. P., Harvey, M. R., (1991) The rape victim: Clinical and community interventions (2nd ed.) Sage Publications, Inc; Newbury Park, CA.
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Click to return to keywordsPrevention

Avery-Leaf, S., Cascardi, M., O’Leary, K. D., & Cano, A. (1997). Efficacy of a dating violence prevention program on attitudes justifying aggression. Journal of Adolescent Health, 21, 11-17.

Berkowitz, A.D. (in press). Applications of social norms theory to other health and social justice. In: H. Wesley Perkins, Ed. The Social Norms Approach to Prevention, (for further information Dr Alan Berkowitz can be reached at alan@fltg.net)

Berkowitz, A.D. (2001). Critical elements of sexual assault prevention and risk reduction programs for men and women. In: C. Kilmartin, Sexual Assault in Context: Teaching College Men About Gender. Holmes Beach: Learning Publications. (for further information Dr Alan Berkowitz can be reached at alan@fltg.net)

Berkowitz, A.D. (in press). Fostering Men's Responsibility for Preventing Sexual Assault. In: Paul A. Schewe, (Ed), Preventing Intimate Partner Violence: Developmentally Appropriate Interventions Across the Lifespan. Washington D.C: American Psychological Association. (for further information Dr Alan Berkowitz can be reached at alan@fltg.net)

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Earle, J.P. (1996). Acquaintance rape workshops: Their effectiveness in changing the attitudes of first year college men. National Association of Student Personnel Administrators, 34(1), 2-18.

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Heppner, M. J., Neville, H. A., Smith, K., Kivlighan, D.M., & Gershuny, B. S. (1999). Examining immediate and long-term efficacy of rape prevention programming with racially diverse college men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 46(1), 16-26.

Himelein, M. J. (1999). Acquaintance rape prevention with high-risk women: Identification and inoculation. Journal of College Student Development, 40(1), 93-96.

Himelein, M. J., Vogel, R.E., Wachowiak, D. G., (1994) Nonconsensual sexual experiences in pre-college women: Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Counseling & Development, 72, 411-415.

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Molidor, C., Tolman, R. M., (1998) Gender and Contextual Factors in Adolescent Dating Violence. Violence Against Women, 4, 180-194.

O'Donohue, W., Downs, K., & Yeater, E. A. (1998) Sexual harassment: A review of the literature. Aggression & Violent Behavior, 3(2), 111-128.

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Schewe, P. A., O'Donohue, W., (1996) Rape prevention with high-risk males: Short-term outcome of two interventions. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 25, 455-471.

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Shultz, S. K., Scherman, A., and Marshall, L. J. (2000). Evaluation of university-based date rape prevention program: Effect on attitudes and behavior related to rape. Journal of College Student Development, 41(2), 193-201.

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Click to return to keywordsRacial and Ethnic Differences

Arellano, C. M., Kuhn, J. A., & Chavez, E. L. (1997). Psychosocial correlates of sexual assault among Mexican American and White non-Hispanic adolescent females. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 19(4), 446-460.

Corcoran, K. J. (1999). Sexual aggression and sociocultural risk. American Psychologist, 54(1), 70-71.

Cortina, L. M., Swan, S. Fitzgerald, L. F., & Waldo, C. (1998). Sexual harassment and assault: Chilling the climate for women in academia. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22(3), 419-441.

Gray, N. B., Palileo, G. J., & Johnson, G. D. (1993). Explaining rape victim blame: A test of attribution theory. Sociological Spectrum, 13, 377-392.

Heise, L., Ellsberg, M., & Gottemoeller, M. (1999). Ending violence against women. Population Reports, Series L, Number 11, 1-43.

Heppner, M. J., Neville, H. A., Smith, K., Kivlighan, D.M., & Gershuny, B. S. (1999). Examining immediate and long-term efficacy of rape prevention programming with racially diverse college men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 46(1), 16-26.

Kuhn, J. A., Arellano, C. M., Chavez, E. L. (1998) Correlates of sexual assault in Mexican American and White non-Hispanic adolescent males. Violence & Victims, 13(1), 11-20.

Lira, L. R., Koss, M. P., & Russo, N. F. (1999). Mexican American women's definitions of rape and sexual abuse. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 21(3), 236-265.

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Tjaden, P., & Thoennes, N. (2000). Research Report, Extent, Nature, and Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice. Research Report (NCJ 181867).

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Wyatt, G. E. (1992). The sociocultural context of African American and White American women's rape. Journal of Social Issues, 48(1), 77-91.


Click to return to keywordsRape Crisis Centers

Bergen, R.K., (1996) Wife Rape: Understanding the response of survivors and service providers. Sage Publications, Inc; Newbury Park, CA.
Chapter 3: Defining and Ending the Violence.
Chapter 4: The Response of Two Agencies to Wife Rape.
Chapter 5: Providing Services to Wife Rape Survivors- Current Trends and Future Directions.

Koss, M.P., Harvey, M.R., (1991) The rape victim: Clinical and community interventions (2nd ed.) Sage Publications, Inc; Newbury Park, CA.
Chapter 4: The Rape Crisis Center.
Chapter 5: The Clinical Treatment of Rape Victims.


Click to return to keywordsRisk

Abbey, A., McAuslan, P., Ross, L.T., & Zawacki, T. (1999). Alcohol expectancies regarding sex, aggression, and sexual vulnerability: Reliability and validity assessment. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 13(3). 174-182.

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Bergman, L., (1992) Dating violence among high school students. Social Work, 37, 21-27.

Berkowitz, A.D. (2001). Critical elements of sexual assault prevention and risk reduction programs for men and women. In: C. Kilmartin, Sexual Assault in Context: Teaching College Men About Gender. Holmes Beach: Learning Publications. (for further information Dr Alan Berkowitz can be reached at alan@fltg.net)

Boswell, Ayres A. & Spade, J. Z. (1996) Fraternities and collegiate rape culture: Why are some fraternities more dangerous places for women? Gender & Society, 10, 133-147.

Corcoran, K. J. (1999). Sexual aggression and sociocultural risk. American Psychologist, 54(1), 70-71.

Dean, K. E., Malamuth, N. M. (1997). Characteristics of men who aggress sexually and of men who imagine aggressing: Risk and moderating variables. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 72(2), 449-455.

Douglas, K. A., Collins, J. L., Warren, C., Kann, L., Gold, R., Clayton, S, Ross, J. G., & Kolbe, L. J. (1997). Results from the 1995 National College Health Risk Behavior Survey. College Health, Vol. 46 (September), 55-66.

Fisher, B. S., Sloan, J. J., Cullen, F. T., & Lu, C. (1998). Crime in the ivory tower: The level and sources of student victimization. Criminology, 36(3), 671-710.

Follingstad, D.R., Bradley, R. G., Laughlin, J. E., & Burke, L. (1999). Risk factors and correlates of dating violence: The relevance of examining frequency and severity levels in a college sample. Violence & Victims, 14(4), 365-380.

Graham, K., Leonard, K. E., Room, R., Wild, T. C., Pihl, R. O., Bois, C., & Single, E. (1998). Current directions in research on understanding and preventing intoxicated aggression. Addiction, 93(5), 659-676.

Gray, N. B., Palileo, G. J., & Johnson, G. D. (1993). Explaining rape victim blame: A test of attribution theory. Sociological Spectrum, 13, 377-392.

Hall, G. C. N., & Barongan, C. (1997). Prevention of sexual aggression: Sociocultural risk and protective factors. American Psychologist, 52(1), 5-14.

Hanson, R. K., & Harris, A. J. R. (2000). Where should we intervene?: Dynamic predictors of sexual assault recidivism. Criminal Justice & Behavior 27(1), 6-35.

Heise, L., Ellsberg, M., & Gottemoeller, M. (1999). Ending violence against women. Population Reports, Series L, Number 11, 1-43.

Hilton, N. Z., Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., Krans, T. S., & Lavigne, S. E. (1998). Antiviolence education in high schools: Implementation and evaluation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(6), 726-742.

Himelein, M. J., Vogel, R. E., Wachowiak, D. G., (1994) Nonconsensual sexual experiences in pre-college women: Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Counseling & Development, 72, 411-415.

Himelein, M. J. (1999). Acquaintance rape prevention with high-risk women: Identification and inoculation. Journal of College Student Development, 40(1), 93-96.

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Koss, M. P., & Dinero, T. E. (1989). Discriminant analysis of risk factors for sexual victimization among a national sample of college women. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 57(2), 242-250.

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Click to return to keywordsSecondary Victimization

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Abrams, K. M., & Robinson, G. E. (1998). Stalking: Part II: Victims' problems with the legal system and therapeutic considerations. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 43(5), 477-481.

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Click to return to keywordsStatistics

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Click to return to keywordsSurvivors

Arata, C. M., & Burkhart, B. R. (1998). Coping appraisals and adjustment to nonstranger sexual assault. Violence Against Women, 4(2), 224-239.

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Chapter 3: Defining and Ending the Violence.

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Chapter 2: The Trauma of Rape
Chapter 5: The Clinical Treatment of Rape Victims
Chapter 6: Group Treatment for Survivors

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Click to return to keywordsTheory

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Click to return to keywordsTreatment

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Click to return to keywordsUnderserved Populations

Barber, M. , Jenkins, R., & Jones, C. (2000). A survivor's group for women who have a learning disability. British Journal of Developmental Disabilities 46, 31-41.

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Click to return to keywordsVulnerability

Abbey, A., McAuslan, P., Ross, L.T., & Zawacki, T. (1999). Alcohol expectancies regarding sex, aggression, and sexual vulnerability: Reliability and validity assessment. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. 13(3). 174-182.

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Hickman, S. E., & Muehlenhard, C. L.(1997). College women's fears and precautionary behaviors relating to acquaintance rape and stranger rape. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(4), 527-547.

Kang, S.T., Magura, S., Laudet, A., & Whitney, S. (1999) Adverse effect of child abuse victimization among substance-using women in treatment. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14(6), 657-670.

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Koss, M.P., Cleveland, Hobart H. (1997) Stepping on toes: Social roots of date rape lead to intractability and politicization. In Martin D. Schwartz (ED.), Researching sexual violence against women: Methodological and personal perspectives (pp. 4-21) Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.

Koss, M. P., & Dinero, T. E. (1989). Discriminant analysis of risk factors for sexual victimization among a national sample of college women. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 57(2), 242-250.

Koss, M.P., Harvey, M.R., (1991) The rape victim: Clinical and community interventions (2nd ed.) Sage Publications, Inc; Newbury Park, CA.
Chapter 1: The Crime of Rape.

Mayall, A., & Gold, S. R. (1995). Definitional issues and mediating variables in the sexual revictimization of women sexually abused as children. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10(1), 26-42.

Messman, T.L., & Long, P.J. (1996). Child sexual abuse and its relationship to revictimization in adult women: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 16(5), 397-420.

Parks, K. A., & Miller, B. A. (1997). Bar victimization of women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(4), 509-525.

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Testa, M., & Dermen, K. H. (1999). The differential correlates of sexual coercion and rape. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 14(5), 548-561.

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