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Lesson Plan Three
Andragogy approach: teach a college class on the role of US Intelligence
in Afghanistan from 1979-present
Sean Duffy
September 10 2003
Note: revisions in blue. From my original plan, there is not a great
deal of revision needed. The topic I am covering is not designed for children
nor is it an appropriate topic for K-12 education. That said, I will note
the changes I would make if I was teaching a class with a significant
number non-traditional (adult) students.
1. Goals and Objectives:
To have students understand the role U.S. foreign intelligence, in particular
the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) played in the formation and implementation
of American policy.
2. Procedures:
Dewey suggested a four part division for “educational technology”:
Inquiry, Communication, Construction, Expression.
Following this format, I would break the class in 4 parts:
1. Inquiry: The students would exam the question: “What role has
U.S. foreign Intelligence played in Afghanistan to the present.
2. Communication: Using a series of documents, the students would exam
this question. Breaking the students into groups, I would distribute a
different document for each group. The students would discuss within the
group, the significance of each document. Documents could include Zbigniew
Brzezinski admission of successful U.S. covert operations in Afghanistan
designed to draw the Soviets into the country, CIA reports showing cooperation
with Afghanistan Opium Warlords who received weapons to fight the Soviets,
DEA documents complaining that the CIA interfered or halted over 40 major
investigations into heroin networks, Post 9/11 Special Operations demonstrating
the dangers in operating in the nation. If possible, students could use
computers to communicate with another class who were undertaking a similar
assignment.
3. Construction: Students would be asked to create two opposite narratives,
one from the perspective of the CIA, the other from the critics of their
policies. I would expect them to use internet resources (with full citations)
and to communicate between student groups.
4. Expression: At the end of the exercise, we would meet as a whole and
discuss what the implications, problems, successes of U.S. foreign intelligence
in Afghanistan.
An andragogy approach would only need a bit of fine-tuning to fit into
the Dewey-based model.
Need to Know: Adults students, especially those unfamiliar with a critical
analysis of U.S. foreign policy, must be shown to use multiple sources
to evaluate the American covert operations. It is not enough to rely on
official reports or unsubstantiated rumors. Beyond the acquisition of
knowledge on the particular subject, Afghanistan, students should recognize
how to see issues from more than one point of view.
In all my classes, my philosophy is that students do not ever have to
agree with me. Not matter what their opinion, the important lesson is
to back your argument with evidence. This position should alleviate the
concern of “imposing of will.” I would not care what point
of view the students left with, as long as they are capable of seeing
issues from multiple viewpoints.
As such, their life experiences would be useful to the discussion. How
did they perceive of the CIA throughout their life? Are there pertinent
intelligence operations that they read about previously that could educate
other students? Of course, adult students with intelligence backgrounds
would be strongly encouraged to share, as much as legally possible, their
experiences. The point of the exercise would not be to downplay their
own life experiences, rather to supplement their knowledge.
The final points of the 6 main categories of andragogy, I believe, are
less pertinent to my lesson plan. If an adult is in my class, I would
assume that they wanted to be there and no further learning motivation
tactics were necessary. After all, THEY signed up for the class. The only
motivation I could give them would be to take their ideas and comments
fairly and seriously, even if I do not share them. Outside of the immediate
information, the best real-life application for my lesson plan may simply
be an expansion of their world-view. However, if they choose not to do
so, that would be acceptable as well.
Alternative Game Plan:
Role-playing…break students up into groups of different players
(DEA, CIA, Soviets, Taliban etc). Students would get materials and internet
access. Keeping each group’s designs secret, the students would
need to guess the identities and motives of the other groups
3. Evaluation: I would assume Dewey would find success in how the exercise
best socialized the children and their level of participation. I would
have a follow-up exercise where each group turns in a short collaborative
paper.
Materials: Declassified Documents, internet access, game materials for
role playing
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