Modular Connector
	CONCEPT
	The modular connector (MC) is a cast piece used to connect the beam flange to the column. It is envisioned that typical construction will involve shop-welding the MC to beam flanges and field-bolting the MC to the column flange (See Figure 1). Figure 1. Location of Modular Connector The connectors possess a certain level of compliance, thus the joint will be, strictly speaking, semi-rigid. However, high rotational stiffness is achievable, and thus the MC provides a bolted alternative for full-moment connections that eliminates the potential for brittle behavior associated with welding construction. The MC is engineered to deliver reliable and repeatable energy dissipation through improved cyclic ductility. This objective is achieved through the elimination of concentrated plastic strain regions and the reduction in bolt prying forces. The geometry required to produce such outcomes is not necessarily available in the configuration or fastening procedures associated with traditional rolled shapes. Thus, the MC will utilize the versatility afforded by casting processes to obtain optimal geometric configurations. Figure 2. Deformed Modular Connector under moment at the end of beam The MC is similar in form to WT sections used in the traditional bolted tee-stub connection. However, the MC configuration contains major modifications that distinguish it from the WT (see Figure 3). Foremost among these modifications are: (1) end regions configured to reduce bolt prying forces; and (2) principal flexural spans (arm elements) transitioned into a variable cross-section piece to reduce plastic strain demand. Figure 3. Typical configuration of Modular Connector CLICK HERE TO SEE ANALYTICAL and EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS