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Written Language - Writing (see abbreviations table as needed for treatments)
| Year |
Reference (in chronological order) |
Design |
N |
Class |
Phase |
Treatment |
| 1967 |
Pizzamiglio, L. & Roberts, M. (1967). Writing in aphasia: A learning study. Cortex, 3, 250-257. |
G b/t |
20 |
2 |
2 |
Typing written word w corrective feedback |
| 1974 |
Schwartz, L., Nemeroff, S., & Reiss, M. (1974). An investigation of writing therapy for the adult aphasic: The word level. Cortex, 10, 278-283. |
G b/t |
14 |
3 |
1 |
Lexical Spelling Tx |
| 1976 |
Haskins, S. (1976). A treatment procedure for writing disorders. In R. H. Brookshire (Ed.), Clinical Aphasiology: Vol. 6 (pp. 192-199). Minneapolis, MN: BRK Publishers.
(link to article) |
CS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Allographic, copying, writing to dictation |
| 1976 |
Hatfield, F., & Weddell, R. (1976). Re-training in writing in severe aphasia. In Y. Lebrun & R. Hoops (Eds.), Recovery in Aphasics. (pp. 65-78) Amsterdam: Swets-Zeitlinger. |
CS |
5 |
3 |
1 |
Visuo-kinesthetic memorizing, auditory analysis, & global stimulation approaches |
| 1980 |
Seron, X., Deloche, G., Moulard, G., & Rousselle, M. (1980). A computer-based therapy for the treatment of aphasic subjects with writing disorders. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 45, 45-58.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
5 |
3 |
1 |
"Errorless" typing to dictation |
| 1982 |
DeLoche, G., Ferrand, I., Metz-Lutz, M.-N., et al. (1982). Confrontation naming rehabilitation in aphasics: A computerised written technique. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2(2), 117-124.
|
G w/in |
18 |
2 |
1 |
Computer-based written naming w/cues |
| 1983 |
Hatfield, M.E. (1983). Aspects of acquired dysgraphia and implication for re-education. In C. Code & D.J. Muller (Eds.), Aphasia therapy. London: Edward Arnold Publisher. |
SS |
4 |
3 |
1 |
Using homophones & quasi-homophones to train functor spelling; Lexical training w/ key words |
| 1984 |
Katz, R. C., & Nagy, V. T. (1984). An intelligent computer-based spelling task for chronic aphasia patients. In R. H. Brookshire (Ed.), Clinical Aphasiology: Vol. 14 (pp. 159-165). Minneapolis, MN: BRK Publishers.
(link to article) |
G w/in |
8 |
1 |
3 |
Computer spelling Tx |
| 1985 |
Schecter, I., Bar-Israel, J., Ben-Nun, Y., & Bergman, M. (1985). The phonemic analysis as a treatment method in dysgraphic aphasic patients. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine – Supplement, 12, 80-83. |
G w/in |
51 |
3 |
1 |
Phonological Tx |
| 1986 |
Trupe, E.H. (1986). Effectiveness of retraining phoneme to grapheme conversion. In R.H. Brookshire (Ed.), Clinical aphasiology, 255-265. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
(link to article) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Phoneme grapheme training |
| 1986 |
Trupe, E. H. (1986). Effectiveness of retraining phoneme to grapheme conversion. In R. H. Brookshire (Ed.), Clinical Aphasiology: Vol. 16 (pp.163-171). Minneapolis, MN: BRK Publishers. (link to article) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Phonologic Tx for spelling |
| 1987 |
Behrmann, M. (1987). The rites of righting writing: Homophone remediation in acquired dysgraphia. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 4, 365-384. |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Homophone spelling treatment |
| 1987 |
Hillis, A.E., & Caramazza, A. (1987). Model-driven remediation of dysgraphia. In Brookshire, R.H. (Ed.), Clinical aphasiology (pp. 84-105). Minneapolis, Minnesota: BRK Publishers.
(link to article) |
SS |
2 |
3 |
1 |
Training specific spellings vs. training self-correction strategies |
| 1989 |
Carlomagno, S., & Parlato, V. (1989). Writing rehabilitation in brain damaged adult patients: A cognitive approach. In X. Seron, & S. Deloche (Eds.), Cognitive Approaches in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation (pp. 175- 209). Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Association Inc. |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Phoneme to grapheme mapping |
| 1990 |
Hillis, A.E., (1990). Effects of separate treatments for distinct impairments in the naming process. In T. Prescott (Ed.), Clinical aphasiology 1989. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed. |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Semantic &
Phonemic Txs for spelling |
| 1990 |
Lesser, R. (1990). Superior oral to written spelling: Evidence for separate buffers? Cognitive Neuropsychology, 7, 347-366. |
CS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Using oral spelling to facilitate written spelling |
| 1991 |
Carlomagno, S., Colombo, A., Casadio, P., Emanuelli, S., & Razzano, C. (1991). Cognitive approaches to writing rehabilitation in aphasics: Evaluation of two treatment strategies. Aphasiology, 5, 355-360. |
SS
G w/in |
6 |
2 |
2 |
Lexical vs. phonological spelling treatment |
| 1992 |
DeLoche, G., Ferrand, I., Metz-Lutz, M.-N., et al. (1982). Confrontation naming rehabilitation in aphasics: A computerised written technique. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2(2), 117-124.
|
G w/in |
18 |
2 |
1 |
Computer-based written naming w/cues |
| 1993 |
Aliminosa, D., McCloskey, M., Goodman-Schulman, R., & Sokol, S. (1993). Remediation of acquired dysgraphia as a technique for testing interpretations of deficits. Aphasiology, 7, 55-69. |
SS |
1 |
1 |
3 |
Lexical spelling Tx - delayed copying |
| 1993 |
Mitchum, C. C., Haendiges, A. N., & Berndt, R. S. (1993). Model-guided treatment to improve written sentence production: a case study. Aphasiology, 7, 71-109. |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Verb training |
| 1993 |
Sugishita, M., Seki, K., Kabe, S., & Yunoki, K. (1993). A material-control single-case study of the efficacy of treatment for written and oral naming difficulties. Neuropsychologia, 31, 559-569.
(link to abstract) |
G w/in |
22 |
3 |
2 |
Lexical Spelling Tx |
| 1994 |
Hillis, A., & Caramazza, A. (1994). Theories of lexical processing and rehabilitation of lexical deficits. In M.J. Riddoch & G.W. Humphreys (Eds.), Cognitive neuropsychology and cognitive rehabilitation. Hove, UK: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd. |
SS |
3 |
3 |
1 |
POC training |
| 1996 |
Pound, C. (1996). Writing remediation using preserved oral spelling: A case for separate output buffers. Aphasiology, 10, 283-296. |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Spelling Tx using preserved oral spelling |
| 1998 |
Conway, T. et al (1998). Treatment of a case of phonological alexia with agraphia using the Auditory Discrimination in Depth (ADD) program. J of the International Neuropsychological Society, 4(6), 608-620. |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Auditory Discrim in Depth (ADD)--phonological awareness Tx |
| 1998 |
Robson, J., Pring, T., Marshall, J., Morrison, S., & Chiat, S. (1998). Written communication in undifferentiated jargon aphasia: A therapy study. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 33, 305-328.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Lexical spelling Tx |
| 1999 |
Beeson, P. M. (1999). Treating acquired writing impairment: strengthening graphemic representations. Aphasiology, 13, 767-785.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Lexical spelling Tx |
| 1999 |
Cardell, E.A., & Chenery, H.J. (1999). A cognitive neuropsychological approach to the assessment and remediation of acquired dysgraphia. Language Testing, 16, 353-388.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Semantic therapy for low imageability words; Segmentation hierarchy for writing nonwords |
| 2000 |
Beeson, P., Rewega, M., Vail, S., & Rapcsak, S. (2000). Problem-solving approach to agraphia treatment: Interactive use of lexical and sublexical spelling routes. Aphasiology,14, 551-565.
(link to abstract) |
CS |
2 |
3 |
1 |
Interactive spelling Tx |
| 2000 |
Luzzatti, C., Colombo, C., Frustaci, M., & Vitolo, F. (2000). Rehabilitation of spelling along the sub-word-level routine. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 10, 249-278.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
2 |
3 |
1 |
Phonological Tx |
| 2000 |
Murray, L. L., & Karcher, L. (2000). A treatment for written verb retrieval and sentence construction skill. Aphasiology, 14, 585-602.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Orthographic Tx with co-writer |
| 2000 |
Spencer, K. A., Doyle, P. J., McNeil, M. R., Wambaugh, J. L., Park, G., & Carroll, B. (2000). Examining the faciliative effects of rhyme in a patient with output lexicon damage. Aphasiology, 5/6, 567-584.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Phonologic + orthographic stimulation |
| 2001 |
Carlomagno, S., Pandolfi, M., Labruna, L., Colombo, A., & Razzano, C. (2001). Recovery from moderate aphasia in the first year post-stroke: Effect of type of therapy. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82, 1073-1080.
(link to abstract) |
SS
G w/in |
8 |
3 |
2 |
Lexical & phonological spelling txs |
| 2001 |
Robson, J., Marshall, J., Chiat, S., & Pring, T. (2001). Enhancing communication in jargon aphasia: a small group study of writing therapy. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 36, 471-488.
(link to abstract) |
G w/in |
6 |
3 |
1 |
Lexical spelling tx |
| 2002 |
Beeson, P. M., Hirsch, F. M., & Rewega, M. A. (2002). Successful single-word writing treatment: Experimental analyses of four cases. Aphasiology, 16, 473-491.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
4 |
3 |
1 |
Lexical spelling tx |
| 2002 |
Lustig, A. P., & Tompkins, C. A. (2002). A written communication strategy for a speaker with aphasia and apraxia of speech: Treatment outcomes and social validity. Aphasiology, 16, 507-521.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Writing strategy for all spoken attempts w/ features of articulatory struggle |
| 2002 |
Rapp, B. & Kane, A. (2002). Remediation of deficits affecting different components of the spelling process. Aphasiology, 16, 439-454.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
2 |
3 |
1 |
Lexical spelling Tx w/ repetition |
| 2003 |
Beeson, P., Rising, K., & Volk, J. (2003). Writing treatment for severe aphasia: Who benefits? Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 46, 1038-1060.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
8 |
3 |
2 |
Lexical spelling Tx |
| 2003 |
Raymer, A.M., Cudworth, C. & Haley, M.A. (2003). Spelling treatment for an individual with dysgraphia: Analysis of generalization to untrained words. Aphasiology, 17, 607-624.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
2 |
Modified CART |
| 2003 |
Clausen, N. S., & Beeson, P. M. (2003). Conversational use of writing in severe aphasia: a group treatment approach. Aphasiology, 17, 625-644.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
4 |
3 |
2 |
CART |
| 2005 |
Kiran, S. (2005). Training phoneme to grapheme conversion for patients with written and oral production deficits: A model-based approach. Aphasiology, 19, 53-76.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
3 |
3 |
2 |
Phonological Tx |
| 2005 |
Orjada, S. A., & Beeson, P. M. (2005). Concurrent treatment for reading and spelling in aphasia. Aphasiology, 19, 341-351.
(link to abstract) |
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Writing + reading (ORT & CART) |
| 2005 |
Rapp, B., Glucroft, B., Urrutia, J. (2005). The protective effects of behavioral intervention in a case of primary progressive aphasia. Brain and Language, 95, 18-19.
|
SS |
1 |
3 |
1 |
Spelling to dictation, repetition, homework |
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