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IDENTIFYING DATA

Date of Birth: 08/08/1968
Place of birth: Cananea, Sonora, Mexico.
Citizenship: Mexico.

POSITIONS HELD

Aug.1998-present Assistant Professor of Linguistic Anthropology, Dept. of Anthropology, University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ

Aug 1998-Present Founder and Director, Linguistic Anthropology Multimedia Laboratory. University of Arizona.

Aug.1998-present Associated Faculty, Department of Linguistics, Department of Women's Studies, and Second Language Acquisition and Teaching Interdepartmental Program, University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ

Sept. 1996-Aug. 1998 Assistant Professor of Hispanic Sociolinguistics, Dept. of Spanish and Portuguese, The Ohio State University. Columbus, Ohio.

Sept. 1996-Aug. 1998 Adjunct Assistant Professor, Dept. of Linguistics, The Ohio State University. Columbus, Ohio.

Aug. 1997-Aug. 1998 Associated Faculty, Cognitive Science, The Ohio State University. Columbus, Ohio.

EDUCATION

1997 PhD Stanford University.
(Linguistics)
Title of Dissertation: Chicana/Mexicana Identity and Linguistic Variation: An Ethnographic and Sociolinguistic Study of Gang Affiliation in an Urban High School.

Chair: Penelope Eckert
Committee: John Rickford, Elizabeth Traugott, Guadalupe Valdés.

1995 Linguistic Society of America Summer Institute.
University of New Mexico. Albuquerque, NM.

1994 MA Stanford University.
(Linguistics)

Thesis Title: "They Speak More Caucasian": Generational Differences in the
Speech of Japanese-Americans.

1991 BA with Honors. Phi Beta Kappa. Grinnell College.
(Independent Major: Languages and Linguistics)

1990 Advanced Level Chinese Language Certificate.
Peking University. Beijing, China.

HONORS, GRANTS, CONTRACTS and AWARDS

2002 The Rockefeller Foundation. Bellagio Residency Fellowship.

2001 Online Course Development Grant. Anthropology 383: Varieties of English. ($5,000)

2001 Phonetic and Phonological Analysis of Brazilian Portuguese. Research Contract Extension with Lucent Technologies, Speech Solutions Unit. Principal Investigator. ($10,000)

2001 Vice Provost Faculty Research Grant. (Project Title: The Politics of Language Style). Office of the Provost, University of Arizona. ($5,000)

2001 Riecker Grant. (Project Title: The Politics of Language Style) Department of Anthropology, University of Arizona. ($3,000)

2001 The Language Samples Project Phase II.Center for Emerging Technologies Grant, University of Arizona. Principal Investigator. ($25,000).

2001 Phonetic and Phonological Analysis of Brazilian Portuguese. Research Contract with Lucent Technologies, Speech Solutions Unit. Principal Investigator. ($30,000)

2000 The Language Samples Project (U.S. English Dialectology). Center for Emerging Technologies Grant, University of Arizona. Principal Investigator. ($25,000).

1999 Linguistic Anthropology Teaching Laboratory Renovation Package. ($177,000). This renovation project is slated for the updating andimprovement of the Linguistic Anthropology Teaching Laboratory space at The University of Arizona.

1999 Interdisciplinary Intellectual Communities Grant. Social and Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Arizona. Project Title: Sound Structure of Language Group. Co-Principal Invesigator with Michael Hammond (Linguistics) and Kerry Green (Psychology).

1998 Foreign Travel Grant to attend "Perceiving and Performing Gender" conference in Kiel, Germany. Office of International Scholars, University of Arizona.

1998 Linguistic Anthropology Laboratory Grant ($65,000). School of Social Sciences, University of Arizona.

1998 Faculty Development Leave. The Ohio State University.

1997 Faculty Summer Research Award. The Ohio State University.

1996-97 Interactional Analysis Laboratory Grant ($50,000). College of Humanities, The Ohio State University.

1995-1996 Spencer Dissertation Fellowship for Research Related to Education ($15,000).The Spencer Foundation.

1995 Linguistic Institute Fellowship. Linguistic Society of America.

1994-1995 Dissertation Fellowship. Institute for Research on Women and Gender.
Stanford University.

1991-1995 University Fellowship. Stanford University.

1991 Japanese Language Study Fellowship. Program for Institutional Collaboration in Area Studies (PICAS). University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

1991 Phi Beta Kappa. Grinnell College Chapter.

1991 Best Undergraduate Paper in Sociology. Iowa Sociological Association.

1990 Pi Sigma Alpha (National College Honor Society).

PUBLICATIONS

Forthcoming 2002 Probabilistic Sociolinguistcs(with Jennifer Hay and Stefanie Jannedy). In Bod, Hay, and Jannedy (eds.) Probability Theory in Linguistics. MIT Press.

2001 Language and Identity. In Trudgill, Peter, Jack Chambers and Natalie Schilling-Estes (eds.) Handbook of Variation Theory. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

2000 Style. In "Lexicon for the New Millennium" Journal of Linguistic Anthropology. Summer 2000.

1999a Sociolinguistic and Linguistic Anthropological Studies of U.S. Latinos. Annual Review of Anthropology. Volume 28, October 1999.

1999b Turn-initial "No": Collaborative Opposition Among Latina Adolescents. In Bucholtz, Liang and Sutton (eds.) Reinventing Identities: From Category to Practice in Language and Gender. Oxford University Press.

1999c Oprah and /ay/: Lexical Frequency, Referee Design, and Style (with Jennifer Hay and Stefanie Jannedy). In Proceedings of the 14th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, San Francisco, August 1999.

1999d Fighting Words: Latina Girls, Gangs, and Language Attitudes. InGalindo and Gonzalez-Vasquez (eds.), Speaking Chicana: Voice, Power and Identity. University of Arizona Press.

1996 "Muy Macha": Gender and Ideology in Gang Girls’ Discourse about Makeup. Ethnos:Journal of Anthropology 6 (91-2).

1996 Language Ideology and Gang Affiliation among California Latina Girls. In Bucholtz (ed.), Proceedings of the Third Berkeley Women and Language Conference. Berkeley: University of California Press.

1995 Pregnant Pauses: Silence and Authority in the Hill-Thomas Hearings.
In Bucholtz and Hall (eds.), Gender Articulated: Language and the Culturally Constructed Self. Routledge: New York.

1995 Syntactic Variation and Change in Progress: Loss of the Verbal Coda in Topic-Restricting As Far As Constructions. Language 71(1) (with John Rickford, Thomas Wasow, and Juli Espinoza)

1995 "Oyes Tú": Linguistic Stereotyping as Stance and Alliance. In Loftin and Silberman (eds.), SALSA II: Proceedings of the Second Annual Symposium About Language and Society -- Austin. Austin: Department of Linguistics, University of Texas.

1994 "They Speak More Caucasian": Generational Differences in the Speech of Japanese-Americans (with Melissa Iwai). In Queen and Barrett (eds.), SALSA I: Proceedings of the First Annual Symposium About Language and Society -- Austin. Austin: Department of Linguistics, University of Texas.

1993 Variation in Gap Length in the Anita Hill/Clarence Thomas Cross Examination Discourse. In Hall and Bucholtz (eds.). Locating Power: Proceedings of the Berkeley Women and Language Conference. Berkeley: University of California Press.

WORK IN PROGRESS

Under Contract Manuscript for Book entitled: Homegirls: Symbolic Practices in the Making of Latina Youth Styles. Blackwell Publishers.

Under Review Functionalism is/n't Formalism(with Andrew Carnie). An Interactive Review Article on Formalism and Functinalism in Linguistics. Journal of Linguistics.

In Preparation The Historical Development of a Topicalizing Marker: Evidence on Unidirectionality from Concerning NP constructions.

In Preparation Variation Theory. In Duranti, A. Companion to Linguistic Anthropology. Blackwell Publishers.

WEB-DELIVERY PEDAGOGICAL PUBLICATIONS

2000-present. The Language Samples Project. http://www.ic.arizona.edu/~lsp

Interactive pedagogical website and data repository for information on acoustic and articulatory phonetics, phonology and sociolinguistics/dialectology of varieties of English around the world.
Collaborators and webmasters: Sean Hendricks (00-01), Robert Kennedy (01-02).

2001-present. Anthropology 383: Varieties of English. http://www.ic.arizona.edu/~anth383

Course website that includes interactive digital material, including assigments, readings and a video exam. Collaborator and webmaster: Nicole Taylor (01-02).

INVITED PRESENTATIONS and WORKSHOPS

2001a Invited Speaker. Depts. of Linguistics and Anthropology. New York University. NY,NY (funded).

2001b Invited Speaker. Center for Mexican-American Studies. Dept. of Anthropology, University of Texas - Austin.

2001c Invited Speaker. Depts. of English and Folklore. The Ohio State University (funded).

2001d Invited Speaker. Department of Linguistics. Stanford University (funded).

2001e Invited Speaker. Teachers' College. Columbia University (funded).

2000a Invited Speaker. English Department. Texas A&M University. (funded)

2000b Invited Speaker. Women's Studies Department. University of Arizona.

2000c Invited Speaker. David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies. Symposium: Latinos in the 21st Century: Setting the Research Agenda. Harvard University (funded).

1999a Invited Speaker. Department of Romance Languages. Harvard University. (funded)

1999b Keynote address. Mexican-American Studies Annual Invited Lecture/Awards Ceremony. University of Texas -- San Antonio. (funded)

1999c Invited Speaker. Department of Ethnic Studies. University of California - San Diego. (funded)

1999d Spanish ToBI (Tones and Breaks Indices) Intonation Workshop. The Ohio State University (funded)

1998a Physical Education: Latina Girls’ Locker Room Talk. Women and Knowledge Luncheon Series. Sponsored by the Columbus YWCA, Columbus School for Girls, AAUW, and OSU Women’s Studies Dept. (funded)

1998b Discourse Markers and Ethnic Identity. Georgetown University Linguistics Colloquium. (funded)

1998c Language and Identity among California Latina Girls. Harvard University Graduate School of Education. (funded)

1997a Vowels and Makeup: The Symbolic Coherence of Self-Presentation among California Latina Gang Girls. New York University Linguistic Anthropology Colloquium. (funded)

1997b The Life of An Ethnic Marker: Latina Gang Girls and Vocalic Variation. University of California - Los Angeles. Discourse, Identity, and Representation (DIRE) Collective. Invited Scholars of Color Speaker Series. Sponsored by the Departments of Anthropology, Applied Linguistics and Sociology. (funded)

1997c Invited Participant. Spencer Foundation Conference on Immigration and Education. Los Angeles, CA. (funded)

1997d Collaborative Opposition Among Latina Adolescents. First Colloquium on Spanish Linguistics. Miami University. Oxford, Ohio.

1997e How Variation is Instantiated in Discourse. Department of Linguistics Colloquium. The Ohio State University.

1997f "And the Earth did Swallow Them": Students and Teachers Negotiating Peripheralization in the Wake of Proposition 187. Ohio State University Symposium on Redefining Latina/o Citizenship.

1997g Panel Presentation on the panel "Ebonics: Myths and Realities" . Frank Hale Black Cultural Center. The Ohio State University.

1997h Ebonics: Practical Linguistics and Pedagogical Applications. Community Forum on Ebonics. Department of Black Studies. The Ohio State University.

1994a Co-instructor. Workshop for Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Linguistics (VARBRUL). Invited workshop. New Ways of Analyzing Variation 23, Stanford University.

1994b Homegirls and their Language Attitudes. Invited paper. National Association for Chicano Studies (Northern California FOCO Conference). University of California -- Santa Cruz.

1993 Bridging the Gap, As Far as Sociolinguistics and Syntax. (with J. Rickford, T. Wasow, and J. Espinoza) Invited colloquia. Linguistics Departments. University of California -- Berkeley, Stanford University.

CONFERENCES/PRESENTATIONS

2002 Incorporating the Study of Dialects through Multimedia: The Language Samples Project at the University of Arizona. American Dialect Society. (with Robert Kennedy, Nicole Taylor, and Sean Hendricks) San Francisco, CA.

2001a Issues of Language Style in the Investigation of Minority languages in Ohio. Midwestern States Linguistic Profile Conference. (with Amy Shuman) The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

2001b Best Practices in the Acquisition and Digital Processing of Acoustic Data. New Ways of Analyzing Variation XXX. (with Bartek Plictha) Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina State University.

2001c Homegirls Remembered: Artifacts, Transnational Spaces, And Institutional Memory In A California Latina Youth Gang. American Anthropological Association. Washington, D.C.

2001d Panel Co-organizer (with Scott Kiesling) Recent Advances in Language and Gender. Linguistic Society of America. Washington, D.C.

2000a Discussant. Panel on Youth Language Style. American Anthropological Association. San Francisco, CA.

2000b Language and Gender among U.S. Latinas/os. Department of Women's Studies, University of Arizona.

2000c Style and Economy: When Frequency Effects Collide. (with Jennifer Hay and Stefanie Jannedy) Paper presented at the 7th New Zealand Language and Society Conference, Auckland, NZ.

1999a Panel Co-organizer (with Colleen Cotter): Style in Language. Individual paper title: Advances in the Linguistic Study of Style. American Anthropological Association, Chicago, IL.

1999b Oprah and /ay/: Lexical Frequency, Referee Design, and Style (with Jennifer Hay and Stefanie Jannedy). 14th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, San Francisco.

1999c Turn-taking and Oppositionality. In a panel entitled: Negotiating Disagreement: A Cross-Linguistic and Cross-Cultural Perspective. PRAGMA '99 Conference, Tel Aviv, Israel.

1999d Panel co-organizer (with Gabriella Modan): Negotiating Multiple Identities across the Lifespan. Individual paper title: "Girl-talk": Embodiment and Interaction among American High-School Latina Girls. PRAGMA '99 Conference, Tel Aviv, Israel.

1999e Institutional Memory, Gangs, and Social Networks. American Association of Applied Linguistics. Stamford, CT.

1998a Preparing for Prom: Language and the Emergent Socialization of Romance. American Anthropological Association.Philadelphia, PA.

1998b Phonetics in Language and Gender Research (with Elizabeth Strand). Perceiving and Performing Gender Conference. Keil, Germany.

1998c Implementation of Super-Low tones in Latina Gang Girl Speech (with Stefanie Jannedy) Perceiving and Perfoming Gender Conference. Keil, Germany.

1998d Phonetics in Language and Gender Research (with Elizabeth Strand). Berkeley Language and Gender Conference. Berkeley CA.

1998e English Grammaticalization from Verb to Preposition: The case of Concerning NP. Linguistic Society of America Annual Meeting.

1997a Creaky Voice in Narratives: Phonetics/Phonology Meets Discourse. New Ways of Analyzing Variation 26. Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.

1997b Collaborative Opposition Among Latina Adolescents. First Colloquium on Spanish Linguistics. Miami University. Oxford, Ohio.

1997c Variation and Discourse. Department of Linguistics Colloquium. The Ohio State University.

1997d "And the Earth did Swallow Them": Students and Teachers Negotiating Peripheralization in the Wake of Proposition 187. Ohio State University Symposium on Redefining Latina/o Citizenship.

1997e Panel Presentation on the panel "Ebonics: Myths and Realities" . Frank Hale Black Cultural Center. The Ohio State University.

1997f Ebonics: Practical Linguistics and Pedagogical Applications. Community Forum on Ebonics. Department of Black Studies. The Ohio State University.

1996a Framing in Teacher-Student Discussions of Proposition 187. The Ohio State University Spanish Department Colloquium.

1996b "Muy Macha": Gender and Ideology in Gang Girls’ Discourse about Makeup. American Association for Applied Linguistics. Chicago.

1996c "That's the [tiN]": Converging Phonological Variables in the Lexicon of a Chicana Community. Linguistic Society of America. San Diego, CA.

1996d Fighting Words: Variation and Ideology among Latina Gang Girls. Symposium on U.S.- Mexico Language Contact (Sponsored by the American Dialect Society). Linguistic Society of America. San Diego, CA.

1995a Panel on Co-construction of Minority Identities through Schooling. American Anthropological Association. Washington, DC.

1995b Gang Affiliation and Linguistic Variation among High School Latina Girls. New Ways of Analyzing Variation 24. University of Pennsylvania.

1995c Affiliation and Codeswitching among Latina Gang Girls. Symposium about Language and Society -- Austin (SALSA). University of Texas -- Austin.

1995d Language and Identity among California Latina Girls. Panel on Language and Identity, Southwest Anthropological Association. San Francisco, CA.

1995e Creaky Voice as a Meaning-Making Resource in Gang Girls’ Narratives. American Association for Applied Linguistics. Long Beach, CA.

1994a Ethnic and Linguistic Stereotyping . American Anthropological Association. Atlanta, GA.

1994b Chicana/o Youth and Language Ideology. Symposium on Spanish and Portuguese Bilingualism. Rutgers University. New Brunswick, New Jersey.

1994c Spanish Discourse Markers as Stance-Taking Strategies in Latina Adolescents’ Conversation. New Ways of Analyzing Variation 23. Stanford University.

1994d Homegirls and their Language Attitudes. Invited paper. National Association for Chicano Studies (Northern California FOCO Conference). University of California -- Santa Cruz.

1994e ‘Oyes Tú’: Linguistic Stereotyping as Stance and Alliance. Symposium about Language and Society -- Austin (SALSA). University of Texas -- Austin.

1994f Intraethnic and Interlinguistic Rivalries: High School Chicanas’ Language Attitudes. Berkeley Women and Language Conference. University of California -- Berkeley.

1994g Grammaticalization from Verb Phrases to Prepositional Phrases in Middle English: The Case of Concerning NP. Stanford- Berkeley Grammaticalization Workshop. University of California -- Berkeley.

1994h The Reproduction of Racism in the Discourse of Young Mexican-Americans. Colloquium on Discourse and Racism. American Association for Applied Linguistics. Baltimore, Maryland.

1993a Variation and Personal/Group Style. (with the California Style Collective) New Ways of Analyzing Variation 22. University of Ottawa.

1993b The Self as Other: Language Attitudes and Media Portrayals of Popular African French in the Ivory Coast. "Others" in Discourse: The Rhetoric and Politics of Exclusion. Victoria University/University of Toronto.

1993c ‘They Speak More Caucasian’: Generational Change in the Speech of Japanese-Americans. (with M. Iwai) Symposium about Language and Society -- Austin (SALSA). University of Texas -- Austin.

1992a Variation and Change in As Far As Clauses. (with J. Rickford, T. Wasow and J. Espinoza) New Ways of Analyzing Variation 21. University of Michigan.

1992b The Educational Consequences of Linguistic Illegitimacy: Popular African French. Comparative and International Education Conference. Stanford University.

1992c Variation in Gap Length in the Anita Hill/Clarence Thomas Cross-Examination Discourse. Berkeley Language and Gender Conference. University of California, Berkeley.

1991 Overseas Chinese in Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and Thailand. Iowa Sociological Association.

OTHER RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

1995-1996 Guest Researcher. Institute for Research on Learning. Palo Alto, CA.

1994-1996 Research Associate. University of California, Berkeley/University of Texas, San Antonio. Project: Family Language Environment and Bilingual Development: Toward an Integrated Maintenance Model. Principal Investigators: Sandra R. Schecter (University of California, Berkeley) and Robert J. Bayley (University of Texas, San Antonio).

Summer 1994 Research Intern. Initiative on Learning and Identity. Institute for Research on Learning. Palo Alto, CA.

1992-1993 Research Assistant. Project: Bay Area Project on Bilingual Proficiency. Principal Investigators: Lucinda Pease-Alvarez (U.C. Santa Cruz) and Kenji Hakuta (Stanford University).

1991-1992 Research Assistant. Syntactic and Sociolinguistic Variation Project. Principal Investigators: John R. Rickford and Thomas Wasow (Stanford University).

TEACHING-RELATED ACTIVITIES

Fall 1998-Present Director of the Linguistic Anthropology Research and Teaching Laboratory. Department of Anthropology, UA.

Spring 1998-9 Professor: Linguistic Anthropology Field Methods (Grad. level), Department of Anthropology, UA.

Fall 1998-9 Professor: Introduction to Sociolinguistics (Grad level).Department of Anthropology, UA.

Winter 1997-8 Professor: Language and Gender (Grad. level), Department of Spanish and Portuguese, Department of Linguistics, Department of Women’s Studies, OSU.

Professor: Spanish and English Comparative Structures (Grad. level), Department of Spanish and Portuguese, OSU.

Fall 1997-8 Professor: Hispanic Sociolinguistics (Grad. level), Department of Spanish and Portuguese, OSU.

Spring 1996-97 Professor: Discourse Analysis/Conversation Analysis (Grad. level), Department of Spanish and Portuguese, OSU.

Professor: Introduction to Sociolinguistics (Grad. level), Department of Linguistics, OSU

Winter 1996-97 Professor: Hispanic Sociolinguistics (Grad. level), Department of Spanish and Portuguese, OSU.

Fall 1996-97 Professor: Spanish and English Comparative Structures (Grad. level), Department of Spanish and Portuguese, OSU.

Professor: Spanish Phonetics and Phonology (Undergraduate level),
Department of Spanish and Portuguese, OSU.
Spring 1993-94 Teaching Assistant. Language and Gender (Undergraduate level),
Stanford University.

Fall 1993-94 Teaching Assistant and Community Service Component Coordinator. Introduction to Sociolinguistics (Undergraduate level), Stanford University.

1993-1994 Phonetics Laboratory Coordinator and Statistical Analysis Consultant. Stanford University. Stanford, California.

1992-1994 Instructor. English for Foreign Students Intensive Summer Program. Stanford University.

1988-1990 Instructor. English as a Foreign Language/Spanish as a Foreign Language. Oxford English Centre. Bangkok, Thailand.

INTRAMURAL SERVICE

Departmental Committes: Dozier (1998-99), Scheduling (1998-99) Admissions (1998-99), Scholarship and Awards (1999-2000), Linguistic Anthropology Lab Renovations (1999-2000)

University Wide: Committe for the SIROW (Women's Studies) (1999-2000), Linguistics Department Phonetics Search Committee (1999-2000)

College-wide: Board member, Social and Behavioral Sciences Research Institute. (2000-2002)

EXTRAMURAL SERVICE

Membership in Professional Organizations:

American Anthropological Association
Linguistic Society of America
Society for Linguistic Anthropology
International Gender and Language Association.

Elected Offices in Professional Organizations:

2001-2003 Executive Committee, American Anthropological Association

2000-2002 Co-chair, Committee for the Status of Women in Linguistics. Linguistic Society of America.

1999-2000 Member, State of the Profession Committee. Society for linguistic Anthropology.

1999-2000 Member, Committee for the Status of Women in Linguistics. L:inguistic Society of America.

1996-1998 Member, Nominating Committee. Society for Linguistic Anthropology. American Anthorpological Association.American Anthorpological Association.

1996-1998 Member, Committee for Ethnic Diversity in Linguistics. Linguistic Society of America.

PROFESSIONAL SERVICE

2001 Proposal reviewer. National Science Foundation.

2000 Reviewer. Language in Society

1999 Reviewer. Linguistics and Education.

1999 Reviewer. Narrative Inquiry.

1999 Reviewer. American Educational Research Journal.

1998 Book Manuscript reviewer. The Ohio State University Press.

1998 Proposal Reviewer. Spencer Foundation Major Grants Program.

1996- 1997 Co-organizer for the conference "Redefining Latina/o Citizenship: English Only, Proposition 187, Affirmative Action, and Beyond." April, 1997. The Ohio State University.

1996 Reviewer. Hispanic Linguistics.

EDITORSHIPS

2001 Editorial Board, Journal of Linguistic Anthropology

2001 Editorial Board, Latino Studies.

2001 International Advisory Board: Ethnos: Journal of Anthropology

MEDIA

December 2001 Magazine Interview: Youth Slang. 101 Degrees Youth Magazine. Tucson, AZ.

March 1999 Consulant: Gangs in the United States. Australian Current Affairs Television Program Dateline. SBS TV. Australia.

February 1998 Television Interview: Language and Gender. February, 1998, Channel 10. Columbus, Ohio, ABC affiliate.

February 1997 Television Talk Show Panel: Ebonics. Columbus Teen Forum. Broadcast the week of Feb 2-8, 1997. Government Television Channel 3. Columbus, OH.

December 1996 Television Interview: English-Only in Ohio. Broadcast on December 5, 1996, Channel 4 News at 11. Columbus, Ohio, NBC affiliate.

LANGUAGES

PROFICIENCY

READING

WRITING

SPEAKING

LISTENING

English

Native Native Native Native
Spanish
Native Native Native Native
French
Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent
Portugese
Excellent Good Good Excellent
Chinese
Good Good Good Good
Thai
Fair Fair Good Good
Japanese Fair Fair Fair Fair
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