PALPITATING: v.i., to beat very rapidly, irregularly, or strongly, as from emotion, exercise, or disease. RAREFIED: v., to make less dense. BOSSES: n., raised ornaments on materials with flat surfaces. LIVID: adj., having a dull bluish or grayish color. SMOTE: v., past tense of smite [to hit, to hit hard.] WELTERING: v.i., rolling about, wallowing.