Monarchs and reigns:
Elizabeth I--1558-1603
James I (house of Stuart)--1603-1625
Charles I--1625-1649
(Interregnum)
Charles II--1660-1685
James II--1685-1688
(Glorious Revolution--1688)
William of Orange and Mary (Stuart)--1689-1702
Anne (Stuart)--1702-1714
George I (house of Hanover)--1714-1727
George II--1727--1760
George III--1760-1820
Navigation Acts: 1651, 1660, 1663, 1676, 1696 and later
Anglo-Dutch Wars: 1652-54
1664-67
1672-74
House of Commons constituencies
558 members
314 constituencies
245 English constituencies, 45 Scottish, 24 Welsh
203 English boroughs, 40 English counties, 2 English universities
English boroughs
freeman (92)
Largest--London [2000 voters]; smallest--Camelford [20 voters]
scot & lot (37) Pay poor
rate. Largest--Westminster [12,000]; smallest--Gratton [0].
burgage (29)
Franchised attached to specific
properties
corporation (27) Closed governing bodies
with between 1 and 60 members.
householder (11) Property/house owners.
Widest franchise.
freeholder ( 6) All
property owners. All less than 300 voters.
(notorious "rotten" boroughs included
Old Sarum, Dunwich, Gratton)
(Scottish nobility with patronage were Earls of Orkney, Islay, Argyle)
Colonial patronage recipients included: John Jekyll and son,
Charles Frankland, Col. John Montgomerie, William Burnet, Jonathan Belcher.
Opposition (to Robert Walpole and the Whig Party) writers:
Jonathan Swift, Gulliver's Travels, A Modest Proposal
John Gay, The Beggars' Opera
Alexander Pope, Dunciad
Viscount Bolingbroke, The Craftsman
Idea of the Patriot King
Dissertation upon Parties
John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon, Cato's Letters
Independent Whig
John Trenchard and Walter Moyle, History of Standing Armies in England
John Burgh, Political Disquisitions
Catherine Macaulay, History of England
Some Sources of English Political Ideology in 18th
century:
Aristotle (350BC)
Polybius (ca. 200-118BC)
Machiavelli, "Discourses on Livy" (1517) [Livy,
59BC-17AD]
James Harrington, "Commonwealth of Oceana" (1656)
Nepotism in Massachusetts:
Three brothers(2 Olivers) and brother-in-law (Hutchinson) simultaneously occupied in the 1770s the governorship, lt-governorship, and chief-justiceship of Massachusetts.
No one but a Hutchinson or Oliver had been lt-governor after 1758 or chief
justice after 1760.
Prime Ministers and Governments
Robert Walpole, 1721-42
John Carteret, 1742-44
Henry Pelham, 1744-1754 (brother of Duke of Newcastle)
Newcastle, 1754-56
Pitt, 1756-57
Pitt and Newcastle, 1757-61
Bute and Newcastle, 1761-62
Bute, 1762-63
Grenville, 1763-65
Rockingham, 1765-66
Pitt, 1766-68
Grafton, 1768-70
North, 1770-82
Rockingham, 1782
Shelburne, 1782-1783
Fox and North, 1783
Pitt the younger, 1783-1801
Nonimportation Record:
Philadelphia New York New England Virginia
1768
L432,000 L482,000
L420,000
1769
L200,000 L 75,000
L208,000
L488,000
1770
L135,000
L717,000
Republican characters, authors and artists (where relevant):
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus (450BC)
from Livy
Cato Uticensis (95-46BC) from
Plutarch, the play "Cato" by Joseph Addison (1713)
Lucius Junius Brutus (500BC) from
Plutarch, painting "Lectors return the bodies of Brutus's sons"
by Jacque Louis
David, and
play "Brutus" by Voltaire
Horatii (brothers) (670BC) from Livy,
painting "Oath of the Horatii" by David
Agrippina/Germanicus (14-19AD),
painting by Benjamin West "Agrippina returning with the ashes of
Germanicus"
Socates, paintings by West
"Death of Socrates"