SCHIZOPHRENIA

I. Introduction

A. Demographics

B. Heterogeneity

C. Dementia Praecox--Kraepelin

D. Bleuler--schizophrenia

II. Symptoms/features of schizophrenia

A. Disorder of thought content--Delusions

1. Thought Broadcasting

2. Thought insertion

3. Thought withdrawal

4. Delusions of being controlled

5. Somatic

6. Religious

7. Grandiose

8. Nihilistic

B. Disorder of thought form--AKA formal Thought Disorder

1. Loosening of associations

a. Clang associations

b. Chain associations

2. Neologisms

3. Word salad

4. Poverty of content of speech

C. Disturbance in normal affect

1. Flat Affect

2. Inappropriate affect

D. Changes in perception--hallucinations

1. Most common--auditory

2. Less common--tactile, visual, gustatory, olfactory

E. Disturbance in interpersonal relationships and relationship to external world

F. Disturbance in psychomotor behavior--catatonia

III. DSM-IV criteria

A. Psychotic symptoms: two (or more) of:

1. delusions

2. hallucinations

3. disorganized speech

4. grossly disorganized behavior or catatonic behavior

5. negative symptoms (affective flattening, alogia, avolition)

* only one necessary if hallucinations are voice(s) commenting on person's behavior or thoughts, or if the delusions are bizarre

B. Decrease in functioning: work, social relations, self-care

C. Continuous signs of the disturbance for at least 6 months

D. Psychotic symptoms NOT related to a mood disorder

E. Not due to general medical condition or effects of psychoactive substance

IV. Acute vs insidious onset (process vs reactive)

V. Subtypes

A. Paranoid

B. Disorganized

C. Catatonic

D. Undifferentiated

E. Residual

VI. Etiology of schizophrenia

A. Biochemical theories

B. Structural theories

C. Genetic evidence

D. Inherited attentional dysfunction

E. Screwed-up families

VII. Intervention